تحليل شعاع سنجش حس‌گرها براي رهگيري اهداف سريع در شبكه‌هاي حسگر بي‌سيم
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر
محمدرضا ذوقی
1
(دانشگاه علم و صنعت ايران)
محمدحسین کهایی
2
(دانشگاه علم و صنعت ايران)
کلید واژه: شبكه‌هاي حسگر بي‌سيم رهگيري هدف سريع همبستگي مكاني,
چکیده مقاله :
در شبكه‌هاي حسگر بي‌سيم با توجه به آرايش متراكم حس‌گرها و مسأله افزونگي اطلاعات، نيازي به فعال‌بودن تمام حس‌گرها در هر لحظه نيست. در اين مقاله، به‌دنبال انتخاب مجموعه‌اي از حس‌گرهاي فعال هستيم كه اولاً انرژي مصرفي در شبكه كنترل گردد و ثانياً خطاي رهگيري يك هدف متحرك از حداكثر مقدار مجازي تجاوز ننمايد. بدين منظور تابع هزينه‌اي بر مبناي همبستگي مكاني تعريف شده، از الگوريتم Spatial - Split بر مبناي ويژگي‌هاي دو پارامتر مؤثر در همبستگي مكاني جهت انتخاب حس‌گرها و از روش تخمين نامتمركز بر مبناي فيلتر اطلاعات توسعه‌يافته براي رهگيري هدف استفاده مي‌شود. در ادامه اثر سرعت هدف در انتخاب حس‌گرهاي فعال و رهگيري هدف بررسي شده و سپس راه حلي براي كاهش خطاي رهگيري بر مبناي افزايش ميزان همپوشاني ناحيه سنجش واقعي و ناحيه سنجش تخميني پيشنهاد مي‌گردد. نتايج شبيه‌سازي نشان مي‌دهد كه دقت رهگيري نه تنها قابل مقايسه با روش‌هاي تخمين بهينه است، بلكه از ساير الگوريتم‌هاي انتخاب حسگر خطاي رهگيري كمتري دارد. در عين اين كه با انتخاب تعداد محدودي از حس‌گرها انرژي مصرفي شبكه نيز كاهش مي‌يابد.
In this paper, we propose a new approach for selection of subsets of active sensors with some constraints on energy consumption and estimation error for tracking of a target. The proposed approach exploits the decentralized estimation by using the extended information filter for target tracking. Furthermore, a cost function is defined using spatial correlation for sensor selection. Consequently, the Spatial Split algorithm is proposed based on spatial correlation coefficients for sensor selection. At last, for high speed targets, we propose a modification on spatial split algorithm by changing the sensing range with respect to the target speed. Simulation results show that the tracking accuracy is analogous to those of optimal estimation methods. It is also found that energy consumption decreases due to activating only necessary sensors.
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