کنترل سلسله‌مراتبی برای تقسیم صحیح توان و کاهش جریان‌های گردشی در ریزشبکه‌های متناوب مقاومتی با به کارگیری امپدانس مجازی تطبیقی و بستر مخابراتی توزیع‌شده
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوترمسعود اسماعیلی 1 , محمد هجری 2 *
1 - دانشگاه صنعتی سهند،دانشکده مهندسی برق
2 - دانشگاه صنعتی سهند،دانشکده مهندسی برق
کلید واژه: امپدانس مجازی, تقسیم توان, جریان گردشی, کنترل دروپ, کنترل سلسله‌مراتبی,
چکیده مقاله :
این مقاله به ارائه یک روش کارا مبتنی بر امپدانس مجازی تطبیقی و یک بستر مخابراتی توزیع‌شده با ساختار کنترلی سلسله‌مراتبی در ریزشبکه‌های متناوب مقاومتی جزیره‌ای به منظور تقسیم صحیح توان و کاهش جریان‌های گردشی می‌پردازد. در روش‌های موجود، مقاومت مجازی تطبیقی می‌تواند مقادیر منفی را احراز نموده و فرض غالب‌بودن خاصیت مقاومتی خط تغذیه را که کنترلر دروپ بر مبنای آن طراحی شده، نقض و عملکرد دروپ را مختل نماید. همچنین مقاومت مجازی منفی با کاهش میرایی کل سیستم، می‌تواند حاشیه پایداری را کاهش داده و اثرات نامطلوبی بر عملکرد سیستم حلقه بسته، بالاخص در حالت‌های گذرا داشته باشد. در روش پیشنهادی با اجرای هوشمندانه یک بستر مخابراتی توزیع‌شده جدید بین اینورترهای ریزشبکه، مشکل منفی‌شدن مقاومت مجازی رفع گردیده است. مزایای سیستم کنترلی پیشنهادی عبارت هستند از حذف جریان گردشی، تقسیم صحیح توان بین منابع تولید پراکنده متناسب با ظرفیت نامی آنها، جلوگیری از انحراف فرکانس و دامنه ولتاژ باس نقطه اتصال مشترک از مقدار نامی، عدم نیاز به اندازه‌گیری و یا تخمین امپدانس خطوط تغذیه واصل بین اینورتر و باس نقطه اتصال مشترک، تضمین غالب‌بودن خاصیت سلفی یا مقاومتی امپدانس کل خط تغذیه در شرایط کاری مختلف، جلوگیری از ایجاد وابستگی بین توان‌های اکتیو و راکتیو و در نتیجه تضمین عملکرد مطلوب کنترلر دروپ در نقاط کاری مختلف، بهبود پایداری و پاسخ حالت گذرا و در نهایت استفاده از یک بستر مخابراتی توزیع‌شده ساده و یک‌طرفه با پهنای باند پایین به جای بسترهای مخابراتی پیچیده، متمرکز و دوطرفه. نتایج حاصل از شبیه‌سازی در محیط سیمولینک نرم‌افزار متلب نشان می‌دهد که روش کنترل پیشنهادی معایب کنترل دروپ و امپدانس مجازی تطبیقی مرسوم را به طرز مطلوبی رفع نموده است.
This paper presents an efficient method based on the adaptive virtual impedance and distributed communication link with a hierarchical control system in the resistive AC islanding micrigrids for accurate power sharing and circulating current reduction. In existing methods, the adaptive virtual resistance can take negative values and violate the assumption of feeders’ resistive dominance based on which the droop controller is designed, and as a result, deteriorate its performance. Besides, the negative virtual resistance, with a reduction in the system overall damping, can reduce the stability margin and lead to side effects on the closed-loop system performance, especially during transients. In the proposed method, the problems associated with the negative virtual resistance are removed via the intelligent implementation of a new distributed communication link among microgrid inverters. The advantages of the proposed method include: circulating current elimination, accurate power sharing among distributed generators proportional to their rated capacities, prevention of voltage and frequency deviations from their reference values in point of power coupling (PCC) bus, guarantee of the resistive or inductive dominance of the feeder impedance in various operating points, decoupling between active and reactive powers, and as a result, guarantee of a desirable performance for droop controller in different operating points, performance and stability improvement, and finally using a simple, one-sided and a low bandwidth communication link instead of the complex, two-sided, and centralized communication system. Simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment demonstrate that the proposed control strategy has obviated effectively the shortcomings of the conventional droop and adaptive virtual impedance controllers.
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