استفاده از روش‌هاي حذف بار تركيبي تطبيقي به‌منظور بهبود پايداري ولتاژ سيستم قدرت - قسمت اول: مفهوم كلي و الگوريتم‌ها
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوترعلیرضا صفاریان 1 * , مجید صنايع‌پسند 2 , امیر پیروزقلعه 3
1 - دانشگاه تهران
2 - دانشگاه تهران
3 - دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: افت ولتاژ حاشيه پايداري ولتاژ حذف بار تركيبي تطبيقي حذف بار فركانسي,
چکیده مقاله :
اين مقاله قسمت اول از يك مقاله دوقسمتي است كه در آن چند روش حذف بار تركيبي تطبيقي براي اصلاح روش حذف بار فركانسي متداول به‌منظور بهبود پايداري سيستم قدرت و بالاخص افزايش حاشيه پايداري ولتاژ سيستم پس از وقوع حوادث شديد پيشنهاد مي‌گردد. امروزه با گسترش شبکه‌هاي قدرت و خصوصي‌سازي و رقابتي‌شدن صنعت برق، حاشيه امنيت شبکه‌ها در مقابل انواع ناپايداري کاهش يافته است. در اين شرايط روش‌هاي حفاظتي متداول خصوصاً در حوادث تركيبي نمي‌توانند به‌خوبي از شبكه در برابر ناپايداري محافظت كنند. در برخی از این حوادث با وجود این که روش‌هاي حفاظتي متداول فركانس سیستم را به محدوده مجاز باز مي‌گردانند، نهایتاً سيستم بر اثر افت ولتاژهاي شدید دچار ناپایداری ولتاژ مي‌گردد. در برخي حوادث ديگر افت ولتاژ شدید باعث اختلال در عملکرد رله‌های فرکانسی مي‌گردد. در اين مقاله سه روش حذف بار تركيبي تطبيقي براي مقابله با اين‌گونه حوادث پيشنهاد شده است. اين روش‌ها بر اساس اطلاعات محلي اندازه ولتاژ و فرکانس و بدون نياز به ارتباط مخابراتي عمل مي‌كنند. در الگوريتم‌هاي پيشنهادشده، حذف بار از نقاط با افت ولتاژ بيشتر و طولاني‌تر در حين افت فركانس آغاز مي‌گردد و سرعت، محل و مقدار حذف بار بسته به محل وقوع حادثه و وضعيت ولتاژي سيستم و نرخ افت فركانس به‌طور تطبيقي تغيير مي‌كند. در قسمت دوم مقاله، نتايج عددي شبيه‌سازي روش متداول و روش‌هاي پيشنهادي در يك شبكه بزرگ و واقعي ارائه شده و عملكرد اين روش‌ها به‌ازاي حوادث مختلف مورد بررسي قرار گرفته است.
In this paper three combinational adaptive load shedding schemes are proposed to enhance the power system stability especially voltage stability margins of the system following severe events. Nowadays, the security margin of power systems against various instabilities is decreased due to the developments, deregulation and competitions in the power industry. In this situation, traditional system protection schemes can not offer adequate protection especially against combinational events. In some combinational disturbances, after initial frequency drop the conventional protection schemes returns back the system frequency to its permissible values; however, the system eventually collapses due to severe voltage declines which result in voltage instability. In some other disturbances, severe voltage declines cause troubles in appropriate operation of the under frequency load shedding relays. In this paper three adaptive combinational load shedding schemes are proposed to counteract such disturbances. The proposed schemes use locally measured frequency and voltage signals and do not need any communication link. In the proposed algorithms, during under frequency condition, load shedding is started from the locations which have higher voltage decay and for longer period of time. The speed, location and amount of load shedding are changed adaptively depending on the disturbance location, voltage status of the system, and the rate of frequency decline. In the second part of this paper using model of a real network, various simulation studies are performed and performance of the proposed schemes is investigated.
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