ارزيابي امنيت استاتيكي و ديناميكي سيستم قدرت بر اساس ريسك و بهبود آن به وسیله برنامهریزی مجدد تولید
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر
مرتضی سعیدی
1
(دانشگاه تربیت مدرس)
حسین سیفی
2
(دانشگاه تربیت مدرس)
چکیده مقاله :
تعيين سطح امنيت سيستم قدرت، به‌طور سنتي با استفاده از معيارهاي قطعي انجام مي‌پذيرد. با استفاده از اين معيار در نهايت نقاط بهره‌برداري سيستم قدرت به دو دسته داراي امنيت و فاقد امنيت دستهبندي مي‌شود. اگر در صورت وقوع يک خطاي مشخص، متغيرهاي بهره‌برداري از حدود خود خارج شوند (شرايط فاقد امنيت) لازم است تصميمات پيشگيرانه‌اي اتخاذ شود تا از امنيت سيستم در صورت وقوع خطا اطمينان حاصل گردد. علاوه بر معيار قطعي جهت تعيين سطح امنيت سيستم قدرت، اخيراً از معيار احتمالاتي و يا معيار بر اساس ريسک استفاده مي‌شود. ارزيابي امنيت بر اساس ريسک، بر محاسبه شاخص ريسک استوار مي‌باشد. در اين مقاله شاخص‌هاي ريسک امنيت استاتيکي و امنيت ديناميکي مطالعه و بررسي شده است. يک شاخص جديد ريسک پايداري گذرا تعريف شده و از آن در تصميمات بهره‌بردار استفاده شده است. به‌طور معمول امنيت به‌عنوان يک قيد در تصميمات بهره‌برداري در نظر گرفته مي‌شود. در اين مقاله براي اولين بار، شاخص ريسک امنيت استاتيکي به‌عنوان تابع هدف و شاخص ريسک امنيت ديناميکي به‌عنوان قيد مسأله برنامه‌ريزي مجدد توليد لحاظ شده است. تصميم بهره‌بردار در دو حالت ارزيابي قطعي و ارزيابي بر اساس ريسک مقايسه شده است. متغير حالت بهره‌برداري، ميزان توان اکتيو توليدي نيروگاهها و ولتاژ مرجع ژنراتورها بوده و از الگوريتم بهينه‌سازي گروهي پرندگان به دليل کارایي بالاي آن جهت رسيدن به نقطه بهينه توليد استفاده شده است. تابع هدف پيشنهادي شامل حداقل‌سازي هزينه توليد و حداکثرسازي امنيت (حداقل‌سازي شاخص ريسک امنيت) و قيد مسأله شامل در محدوده‌بودن شاخص ريسک پايداري گذرا مي‌باشد. قابليت بالاي روش پيشنهادي بر روي شبکه 24 شين IEEE نشان داده شده است.
Security assessment is traditionally checked using a deterministic criterion. Based on that, the system may be considered as secured or unsecured. If an unsecured condition is detected, preventive actions are foreseen to make it secure. Recently, risk based security assessment is used in power systems. In this paper, risk-based static and dynamic security assessment is proposed and a new transient stability index is defined. In this paper, the risk index is used as an objective function in the generation reallocation algorithm. In this algorithm, the security is maintained using the generation reallocation. The algorithm is tested on IEEE 24-bus test system and its capabilities are assessed in comparison with a traditional OPF, in which the security is maintained based on a deterministic criterion. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used as the optimization tool.
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